URL Encoder & Decoder

from urllib.parse import quote, unquote, quote_plus, unquote_plus

# Encode a URL component (RFC 3986 — safe chars are unreserved)
query = "hello world & more"
encoded = quote(query, safe="")
# "hello%20world%20%26%20more"

# Encode a full URL (preserve ://?#& etc.)
url = "https://example.com/path?q=hello world"
safe_url = quote(url, safe=":/?#[]@!$&'()*+,;=")
# "https://example.com/path?q=hello%20world"

# Decode
decoded = unquote("hello%20world%20%26%20more")
# "hello world & more"

// Encode a URL component (spaces → %20)
$query = "hello world & more";
$encoded = rawurlencode($query);
// "hello%20world%20%26%20more"

// Encode for HTML form submission (spaces → +)
$form_encoded = urlencode($query);
// "hello+world+%26+more"

// Decode rawurl-encoded string
$decoded = rawurldecode("hello%20world%20%26%20more");
// "hello world & more"

// Decode form-encoded string
$form_decoded = urldecode("hello+world+%26+more");
// "hello world & more"

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/url"
)

func main() {
    // Encode a query parameter value (spaces → +)
    encoded := url.QueryEscape("hello world & more")
    fmt.Println(encoded)
    // "hello+world+%26+more"

    // Decode a query-escaped string
    decoded, err := url.QueryUnescape(encoded)
    if err == nil {
        fmt.Println(decoded)
        // "hello world & more"
    }

    // PathEscape uses %20 (not +) for spaces
    pathSafe := url.PathEscape("hello world & more")
    fmt.Println(pathSafe)
    // "hello%20world%20&%20more"
}

# Encode using Python (available on most Unix systems)
python3 -c "import urllib.parse; print(urllib.parse.quote('hello world & more', safe=''))"
# hello%20world%20%26%20more

# Decode using Python
python3 -c "import urllib.parse; print(urllib.parse.unquote('hello%20world%20%26%20more'))"
# hello world & more

# Encode using curl's --data-urlencode (write to /dev/null)
curl -Gs "https://httpbin.org/get" --data-urlencode "q=hello world & more" -o /dev/null -w "%{url_effective}\n"

# Using Node.js from CLI
node -e "console.log(encodeURIComponent('hello world & more'))"
# hello%20world%20%26%20more